Acetabular surgical implant for segmental pelvic defect and methods of use and manufacture

ABSTRACT

A surgical implant includes a hemispherical cup having a bone-abutment exterior surface defining a convex side of the hemispherical cup and an interior surface defining a concave side of the hemispherical cup with a cavity, and a stress-diffusion element extending directly from the bone-abutment exterior surface of the hemispherical cup at an anteverted orientation to the hemispherical cup. The implant may further include at least one aperture defined by a circumferential surface extending between the bone-abutment exterior surface and the interior surface, the at least one aperture operable to receive a screw therethrough.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.17/306,272, filed May 3, 2021, which is a divisional of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/431,952, filed Feb. 14, 2017 (now U.S. Pat. No.11,000,378), the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in theirentireties.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention

The present inventive concept relates generally to medical devices, andmore particularly, to an acetabular surgical implant for a segmentalpelvic defect and methods of use and manufacture.

2. Description of the Related Art

Loss of acetabular bone with distortion of anatomical pelvic landmarkspose a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. Conventional reconstructivemedical devices designed to address such have a number of limitationsand are inadequate. Among other deficiencies, such conventionalreconstructive medical devices are modular and require a plurality ofdifferent devices and other materials, e.g., cement and/or cadaver bone,which is undesirable and suffer from high failure rates. Failure of animplant is often catastrophic given such results in unnecessary pain andcosts to a patient, and may even result in death depending on variouscircumstances associated with the failure.

For instance, FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate a conventional reconstructivemedical device assembly 120 used in two different procedures wherevarying degrees of bone 122 from a patient has been exposed and/orremoved. The conventional reconstructive medical device assembly 120includes a cage 124 having a body 126 with three flanges 128 that allowfixation of screws 130 to intact portion of the bone 122. Theconventional reconstructive medical device assembly 120 further includesan acetabular shell 132 adhered to the cage 124 via cement 134. Thedesign of the conventional reconstructive medical device assembly 120does not allow growth of the bone 122 in and/or around the conventionalreconstructive medical device assembly 120. As such, the conventionalreconstructive medical device assembly 120 is never incorporated intothe bone 122, which results in a high failure rate due to fatigue of theconventional reconstructive medical device assembly 120. Also, in theprocedure illustrated by FIG. 13 , extensive stripping of the hipabductor muscles from the outer portion of the pelvis must be performedin order to place the flanged cage construct. Such extensive soft tissueexposure permanently weakens the hip abductor muscles resulting in apermanent limp and an increased risk of dislocation of the prosthetichip. Further, one of the three flanges 128 must be cut off due to anabsence of bone inferiorly, which results in unnecessary waste.

FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate another conventional reconstructive medicaldevice assembly 140 used in two different procedures where varyingdegrees of bone 142 from a patient has been exposed and/or removed. Theconventional reconstructive medical device assembly 140 includes a wedgeor augment 144 fixed to an intact portion of the bone 142 with screws146. The conventional reconstructive medical device assembly 140 alsoincludes a body 148 that must be anchored to the augment 144 via cement152. The use of a plurality of implants secured together and to the bone142 in such a manner causes the conventional reconstructive medicaldevice assembly 140 to have a high failure rate due to micromotionbetween the augment 144 and the body of the acetabular shell 148.Further, in the procedure illustrated by FIG. 15 , the failure rate isparticularly high due to an absence of bone available to grow around theconventional reconstructive medical device assembly 140.

Accordingly, there is a need for a reconstructive medical device thatdoes not suffer from the limitations of conventional reconstructivemedical devices, does not allow forces to be transmitted betweenmultiple implants, is readily accepted by surrounding bone, allowsgrowth of bone in and around the device, has a simple design that iseasy to use, has a reproducible technique for implantation, minimizessurgical exposure and stripping of the bone, and does not prolongrecovery time or expenses of a patient, and does not increase the riskof repeat revision surgery.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The following brief description is provided to indicate the nature ofthe subject matter disclosed herein. While certain aspects of thepresent inventive concept are described below, the summary is notintended to limit the scope of the present inventive concept.Embodiments of the present inventive concept provide an inventiveconcept for a medical device, and a method of using such medical devicefor a segmental pelvic defect during a surgical procedure. The presentinventive concept does not suffer from and remedies the deficiencies ofconventional devices such as those previously set forth herein.

The present inventive concept provides, in its simplest form, animplantable medical device having a hemispherical cup with a pluralityof equidistant apertures extending through the cup, and a ribbed,elongated stress-diffusion element, i.e., a stem, extending from thecup. The device may have one or more apertures. The apertures may bearranged in an array or a non-equidistant pattern, or a random patternor a clustered pattern. An internal surface of one or more of theapertures may be variably angled so that the respective one or more ofthe apertures has a cone shape, allowing optimal screw placement intobone depending on the configuration of the acetabular defect. The cupand stem are operable to be mounted directly on and to a user's pelvis,thereby preventing any motion therebetween while allowing the medicaldevice to directly transfer stress to bone of the user. The directtransfer of stress to the bone of the user causes the bone immediatelyadjacent to the medical device to grow stronger. Additionally, thedirect placement of the medical device on the bone of the user enhancesthe ability of the bone of the user to incorporate or grow into and/oraround the medical device. In this manner, the medical device of thepresent inventive concept provides increased functionality relative toconventional medical implants.

An object of the present inventive concept is to provide a one-piece,unitary medical device for surgical implantation to remedy a segmentalpelvic defect that is installable and fully functional without anyadditional implants or other pieces other than a limited number ofoptional surgical placement screws, i.e., zero screws, one screw, twoscrews, three screws, or four screws, which may be installed to extendpartially through the medical device and into one or more bones of theuser.

Another object of the present inventive concept is to provide a medicaldevice, e.g., an acetabular implant, for a pelvic defect that isinstallable and fully functional without any need for a surgical cage, asurgical shell, or any other intermediary implant, part, or material,e.g., an adhesive or cadaver bone which has a high-infection rate,positioned between the medical device and bone of the user.

Another object of the present inventive concept is to provide a medicaldevice for pelvis reconstruction, e.g., in a revision hip replacement ora pelvic tumor resection, that receives stress from movement of theuser, e.g., walking, and redistributes the stress along an extendedportion of the user, e.g., one or more bones of the user.

Another object of the general inventive concept is to provide a surgicalimplant that is easy to use, comparatively simple to manufacture, andespecially well adapted for the intended usage thereof.

The aforementioned objects and advantages of the present inventiveconcept may be achieved by providing a medical device or surgicalimplant. The implant may include a hemispherical cup having (i) abone-abutment exterior surface, (ii) an interior surface defining acavity, and/or (iii) a circumferential rim extending between theexterior surface and the interior surface. The implant may include atleast one aperture extending between the exterior surface and theinterior surface. The implant may include a stress-diffusion elementextending from the cup. The cup and the stress-diffusion element areformed from a single block, e.g., a monoblock, thereby providing animplant consisting of a unitary piece.

The rim may extend entirely along only a single plane. The rim maydefine a circle with a first center point, i.e., an imaginary centerpoint, at a center thereof. The exterior surface of the cup may define asecond center point at a center thereof relative to a perimeter edgedefined by the rim. A line, i.e., an imaginary line drawn, between thefirst center point and the second center point extends perpendicular tothe plane.

The stress-diffusion element may be an elongated stem extending from thecup. The stem may include an intermediary base between the stem and thecup and may provide rotational stability by preventing rotation of theimplant relative to a hole or bone tunnel in which the implant isinstalled. The base may be formed on the exterior surface of the cup andspaced from the second center point. The base may be centered betweenthe second center point and a closest portion of the rim. The base maybe centered between the at least one aperture and another apertureextending between the exterior surface and the interior surface.

The stress-diffusion element may include a plurality of longitudinalflutes. The stress-diffusion element may be smooth without anylongitudinal flutes. Each of the plurality of longitudinal flutes mayextend along an entirety of or a substantial portion of thestress-diffusion element. Each of the plurality of longitudinal flutesextend along an entirety of the stem. In this manner, the stem is afluted stem. Distal ends of the plurality longitudinal flutes may adjoinat a common point. Individual proximal ends of the pluralitylongitudinal flutes may taper at individual, separate points. Adjacentones of the plurality of longitudinal flutes may be spaced from eachother by a trough with sidewalls and a bottom wall. One or more of theplurality of longitudinal flutes may not include a bottom wall, with thesidewalls adjoining each other. Each of the troughs may include anincreasing depth along the stem. Each of the plurality of longitudinalflutes may include an increasing width along the stem. Ends of each ofthe plurality of longitudinal flutes may partially surround a portion ofadjacent ones of the trough. Each of the plurality of longitudinalflutes may include a plateau along at least a portion thereof. Each ofthe plateaus may have an increasing width along the stem. The sidewallsof each of troughs may converge. A distance between sidewalls of each ofthe troughs may increase/decrease along a distance thereof. The at leastone aperture may include a set of apertures or two sets of apertures,i.e., four apertures, arranged equidistant relative to each other alongthe cup. The rim may include a plurality of indentations arrangedequidistant relative to each other along the rim.

In another embodiment of the invention, a surgical implant includes ahemispherical cup having (i) a bone-abutment exterior surface defining aconvex side of the cup and (ii) an interior surface defining a concaveside of the cup with a cavity; and a stress-diffusion element extendingdirectly from the bone-abutment exterior surface of the hemisphericalcup at an anteverted orientation to the hemispherical cup.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, a surgical implant includesa hemispherical cup having (i) a bone-abutment exterior surface defininga convex side of the hemispherical cup and (ii) an interior surfacedefining a concave side of the hemispherical cup with a cavity; and astress-diffusion element extending directly from the bone-abutmentexterior surface of the hemispherical cup at an anteverted orientationto the hemispherical cup, wherein the hemispherical cup and thestress-diffusion element are monolithic.

In still another of the invention, a surgical implant includes ahemispherical cup having (i) a bone-abutment exterior surface defining aconvex side of the hemispherical cup and (ii) an interior surfacedefining a concave side of the hemispherical cup with a cavity; at leastone aperture defined by a circumferential surface extending between thebone-abutment exterior surface and the interior surface, the at leastone aperture operable to receive a screw therethrough; and astress-diffusion element extending directly from the bone-abutmentexterior surface of the hemispherical cup at an anteverted orientationto the hemispherical cup, wherein the hemispherical cup and thestress-diffusion element are monolithic.

The aforementioned objects and advantages of the present inventiveconcept may further be achieved by providing a surgical method ofimplanting a medical device. The method may include the step of exposinga portion of a bone of a patient. The method may include the step offorming a bone tunnel or hole at least partially through a bone of apatient. The method may include the step of placing a medical device onthe bone so that a portion of the medical device extends at leastpartially into the bone tunnel, with the portion of the medical devicein direct contact with the bone so that force can be efficientlytransferred from the portion of the medical device to the bone orotherwise distributed or shared between the medical device and/or thebone of the patient. The medical device may be secured in the bonetunnel via a friction-fit engagement. The method may include hammeringthe medical device so that a portion of the medical device extends intoa bone of the patient. A hole or bone tunnel may or may not be formed toreceive the portion of the medical device. The medical device mayinclude a hemispherical cup having a bone-abutment exterior surface, aninterior surface defining a cavity, a circumferential rim extendingbetween the exterior surface and the interior surface, and/or at leastone aperture extending between the exterior surface and the interiorsurface. The medical device may include a stress-diffusion elementextending from the cup.

The method may include the step of securing the medical device to thebone by installing a bone screw partially through the at least oneaperture and into the bone. The placing of the medical device on thebone may include orienting the medical device so that (i) the cup isdirectly on the bone, and/or (ii) a substantial portion of thestress-diffusion element is directly on and extending along the bone sothat stress received by the medical device is diffused through themedical device and distributed along the stress-diffusion element. Themedical device may be secured to the bone without any other devices,adhesives, or other element.

The stress-diffusion element may include a plurality of longitudinalflutes. Each of the plurality of longitudinal flutes may extend along anentirety of the stem with (i) distal ends of the plurality longitudinalflutes adjoining at a common point, and/or (ii) proximal ends of theplurality longitudinal flutes tapering at separate points.

In another embodiment, the method includes the steps of implanting amedical device, the method comprising the steps of: exposing a portionof a bone of a patient; forming a tunnel at least partially through thebone; placing the medical device on the bone so that a stress-diffusionelement extending from the medical device at least partially extendsinto the tunnel, the medical device including (i) a hemispherical cuphaving a bone-abutment exterior surface, (ii) an interior surfacedefining a cavity, (iii) a circumferential rim extending between theexterior surface and the interior surface, and (iv) at least oneaperture extending between the exterior surface and the interiorsurface; and securing the medical device to the bone.

The aforementioned objects and advantages of the present inventiveconcept may further be achieved by providing a method of forming amedical device. The method may include the step of forming ahemispherical cup having (i) a bone-abutment exterior surface, (ii) aninterior surface defining a cavity, (iii) a circumferential rimextending between the exterior surface and the interior surface, and/or(iv) a stress-diffusion element extending from the cup. The method mayinclude the step of forming at least one aperture through the exteriorsurface and the interior surface. The cup and the stress-diffusionelement may be co-formed from a single block or piece of material, i.e.,a mono block. The cup and the stress-diffusion element may be formed asa unitary piece. The method may not include a step of attaching thestress-diffusion element to the cup.

The foregoing and other objects are intended to be illustrative of thepresent inventive concept and are not meant in a limiting sense. Manypossible embodiments of the present inventive concept may be made andwill be readily evident upon a study of the following specification andaccompanying drawings comprising a part thereof. Various features andsub-combinations of the present inventive concept may be employedwithout reference to other features and sub-combinations. Other objectsand advantages of this present inventive concept will become apparentfrom the following description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein is set forth by way of illustration and example, anembodiment of this present inventive concept and various featuresthereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A preferred embodiment of the present inventive concept, illustrative ofthe best mode in which the applicant has contemplated applying theprinciples, is set forth in the following description and is shown inthe drawings.

FIG. 1 is a top, left rear perspective view of a medical device, i.e., asurgical acetabular implant of the present inventive concept;

FIG. 2 is a front side elevation view of the surgical implant of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a rear side elevation view of the surgical implant of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 4 is a left side elevation view of the surgical implant of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 5 is a right side elevation view of the surgical implant of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the surgical implant of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 7 is a bottom plan view of the surgical implant of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 8 is a bottom, left, rear perspective view of the surgical implantof FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the surgical implant of FIG. 1pre-installation into a tunnel formed in bone of a patient during use byan orthopedic surgeon during a surgical procedure;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the surgical implant of FIG. 1installed into the tunnel of FIG. 9 ;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the surgical implant of FIG. 1installed into a tunnel formed in bone of a patient during anothersurgical procedure;

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of conventional medicaldevices secured to bone of a patient;

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of conventional medicaldevices secured to bone of a patient;

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of conventional medicaldevices secured to bone of a patient; and

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of conventional medicaldevices secured to bone of a patient.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following detailed description of the present inventive conceptreferences the accompanying drawings that illustrate specificembodiments in which the present inventive concept can be practiced. Theembodiments are intended to describe aspects of the present inventiveconcept in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art topractice the present inventive concept. Other embodiments can beutilized and changes can be made without departing from the scope of thepresent inventive concept. The following detailed description is,therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the presentinventive concept is defined only by the appended claims, along with thefull scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

In this description, references to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or“embodiments,” mean that the feature or features being referred to areincluded in at least one embodiment of the technology. Separatereferences to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or “embodiments” inthis description do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and arealso not mutually exclusive unless so stated and/or except as will bereadily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description. Forexample, a feature, structure, act, or the like described in oneembodiment may also be included in other embodiments, but is notnecessarily included. Thus, the present technology can include a varietyof combinations and/or integrations of the embodiments described herein.

Turning to the drawings and particularly FIGS. 1-8 , a medical device,i.e., a surgical acetabular implant 20 is illustrated. The surgicalimplant 20 includes a hemispherical cup 22 with an exterior surface 24,an interior surface 26, and a circumferential rim 28 extending betweenthe surfaces 24, 26 and defining an outermost edge of the cup 22.

The exterior surface 24 is convex and provides a surface operable toabuttingly engage one or more bones of a patient when the surgicalimplant 20 is installed and in use. The interior surface 26 is concaveand defines a cavity 30 provides a surface operable to abuttingly engageone or more other medical devices. The circumferential rim 28 defines aplanar circle with a center point. The circumferential rim 28 has aplurality of indentations, which cause the circumferential rim 28 tohave plurality of extensions 32 and a plurality of notches 34alternately and evenly spaced about the circumferential rim 28. Theplurality of extensions 32 and the plurality of notches 34 cause thecircumferential rim 28 to have a variable, non-uniform surface, whichadvantageously provides a plurality of contact points to facilitatehandling of the surgical implant 20 by an orthopedic surgeon during asurgical procedure. Additionally, the plurality of contact pointsfacilitates mating of the surgical implant 20 with one or more othermedical devices. It is foreseen, however, that the circumferential rim28 could have a uniform surface with no notches or extensions withoutdeviating from the scope of the present inventive concept.

The surgical implant 20 includes at least one aperture 40 extendingthrough the cup 22 with an interior, circumferential surface 42 formedbetween the surfaces 24, 26 of the cup 22. In the exemplary embodiment,the surgical implant 20 includes four of the apertures 40, i.e., a firstaperture 40-1, a second aperture 40-2, a third aperture 40-3, and afourth aperture 40-4, evenly spaced around a perimeter of the cup 22.The perimeter is of a set distance between the outermost edge of the cup22 defined by the circumferential rim 28, which is on one side of thecup 22, and an outermost center point 50 of the cup 22, which is on anopposite side of the cup 22. An imaginary line extending between thecenter point 50 and the center point defined by the rim 28 isperpendicular to the plane defined by the rim 28. As best illustrated byFIG. 5 , each of the apertures 40 is spaced equidistant from each otheraround the perimeter of the cup, and are equally spaced from the centerpoint 50. It is foreseen that the surgical implant 20 may include onlyone, two, or three of the apertures 40 without deviating from the scopeof the present inventive concept. For instance, it is foreseen that thesurgical implant 20 may only include the aperture 40-1 and/or theaperture 40-4 without deviating from the scope of the present inventiveconcept.

The surgical implant 20 includes an elongated stress-diffusion elementor stem 60 extending from the exterior surface 24 of the cup 22. In theexemplary embodiment, the stem 60 is cylindrical and tapered, but it isforeseen that the stem 60 may be of one or more other shapes, e.g.,rectangular and/or cylindrical, and/or be non-tapered with a uniformwidth without deviating from the scope of the present inventive concept.

The stem 60 includes a base 62 formed on the exterior surface 24 of thecup 22 and is spaced from the center point 50. The base 62 is centeredbetween the center point 50 and a closest portion of the circumferentialrim 28. The base 62 is centered between the apertures 40-1, 40-4. Thestem 60 includes a plurality of longitudinal flutes 64. In the exemplaryembodiment, the stem 60 includes six longitudinal flutes evenly spacedaround the stem 60, but it is foreseen that the stem 60 may include (i)fewer longitudinal flutes, e.g., one rib, two, three, four, or fivelongitudinal flutes, (ii) additional longitudinal flutes, e.g., seven,eight, nine, or ten longitudinal flutes, or (iii) no longitudinal fluteswithout deviating from the scope of the present inventive concept. Eachof the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 extend along at least asubstantial portion of the stem 60 and preferably along an entirety ofthe stem 60. Distal ends of each of the plurality of longitudinal flutes64 meet at a common point 66, which defines an outermost point of thestem 60. Proximal ends of the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 aretapered to separate points 68, which are adjacent to the base 62.

Adjacent ones of the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 are spaced fromeach other by a trough 70 with sidewalls 72, 74 and a bottom wall 76.Each of the troughs 70 has an increasing depth in a direction from thepoint 66 toward its respective one of the points 68 along the stem 60.Each of the sidewalls 72, 74 of the troughs 70 converge in a directionfrom the point 66 toward its respective one of the points 68 along thestem 60. Each of the troughs 70 has an increasing width in a directionfrom the point 66 toward its respective one of the points 68 along thestem 60. Each of the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 includes aplateau 80 along a portion thereof. Each of the plateaus 80 includes awidth that increases in a direction from the point 66 toward itsrespective one of the points 68 along the stem 60. Each of the pluralityof longitudinal flutes 64 includes an end portion that partiallysurrounds adjacent troughs 70 on each side of a respective one of theplurality of longitudinal flutes 64. End portions of adjacent ones ofthe plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 cooperatively surround an entireend of each of the troughs 70 formed therebetween.

The surgical implant 20 is operable to be surgically implanted into apatient to correct a pelvic defect. For instance, after a portion of apelvic bone 90 of a patient has been exposed by the surgeon during asurgical procedure, a bone tunnel 92 is formed at least partiallythrough the bone 90. In the exemplary embodiment, the bone tunnel 92 isformed by reaming via a reaming tool to have a depth that is equal to alength of the stem 60, and a tapered width that is equal to a widthdefined by the bottom wall 76 of the troughs 70 of the stem 60.Alternatively, it is also foreseen that the width of the bone tunnel 92may be greater or less than the width defined by the bottom wall 76 ofthe troughs 70 of the stem 60 and/or not tapered without deviating fromthe scope of the present inventive concept. For instance, the bonetunnel 92 may be ¾ mm smaller than an outermost circumference of thestem 60. Alternatively, it is foreseen that the width of the bone tunnel92 may be greater than, less than, or equal to the width of an outermostportion of the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 of the stem 60 and/ortapered to correspond to the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 of thestem 60 without deviating from the scope of the present inventiveconcept. It is foreseen that the depth of the bone tunnel 92 may begreater or less than the length of the stem 60 without deviating fromthe scope of the present inventive concept.

After formation of the bone tunnel 92, the surgical implant 20 ispositioned so that the stem 60 is aligned with the bone tunnel 92 asillustrated by FIG. 9 . Next, the stem 60 is inserted into the bonetunnel 92 so that the surgical implant 20 is secured to the bone 90. Itis foreseen that, depending on specific surgical applications, which mayvary from patient to patient, the surgeon will likely be required toutilize a tool, e.g., a hammer, to force the stem 60 of the surgicalimplant 20 into the bone tunnel 92. For instance, if the bone tunnel 92is formed to have a width equal to the width defined by the bottom wall76 of the troughs 70 of the stem 60, then it will be necessary for thesurgeon to force the surgical implant 20 into the bone tunnel 92 so thatthe plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 form grooves in the bone tunnel92. In this manner, the plurality of longitudinal flutes 64 prevent thesurgical implant 20 from rotating relative to the bone tunnel 92 afterthe surgical implant 20 has been installed in the bone 90.

To further secure the surgical implant 20 to the bone 90, one or moresurgical screws 94 may be secured through one or more of the apertures40. In each of the surgical procedures illustrated by FIGS. 10 and 11 ,the surgeon has elected to utilize only one of the surgical screws 94via posterior placement of the surgical screw 94 through the aperture40-4 to further secure the surgical implant 20 to the bone 90. Thesurgical implant 20 advantageously allows the surgeon to access a moresolid portion of the bone 90 relative to other portions of the bone 90adjacent to the surgical implant 20.

As illustrated, the surgical implant 20 is securely mounted to the bone90 without any intermediate device, adhesive, or other element. In otherwords, there is no intermediate device, adhesive, or other elementbetween the surgical implant 20 and the bone 90. Thus, the surgicalimplant 20 is operable to transmit and/or distribute any force receivedthereon, e.g., via another implant secured to the interior surface 26 ofthe cavity 30, directly to the bone 90 via at least the stem 60 of thesurgical implant 20. For instance, the surgical implant 20 is operableto distribute force received from intact iliac bone when the patientambulates such that the surgical implant 20 shares the load with thebone 90.

It has been discovered that the efficient transfer and/or distributionof force to the bone 90, as advantageously provided by the surgicalimplant 20, causes the human body to more readily receive the surgicalimplant 20, which facilitates growth of the bone 90 around the stem 60and around and into the cup 22. Indeed, when the body receives forcestransferred and/or distributed by the surgical implant 20, such isinterpreted by the body as a potent biological signal, which causes thebody to make the bone 90 denser. In this manner, growth of the bone 90around the surgical implant 20 is facilitated. Once the cup 22 has beenincorporated into the bone 90, the surgical screw 94 becomes an inertpiece of metal, with a majority of the load shared between the surgicalimplant 20 and the bone 90.

The surgical implant 20 is formed from a mono block, i.e., a unitarypiece of material, such as stainless steel, a resin material, or thelike. In this manner, the cup 22 and the stem 60 are made of the samematerial. The stem 60 is formed to have one of a plurality of lengths,i.e., 40 mm, 45 mm, or 50 mm. The stem 60 is formed to be tapered in adirection from the point 66 toward the points 68 such that a width atthe points 68 is X mm and a width at a point 40 to 100 mm from the point66 is X-2 mm.

In the exemplary embodiment the width at the points 68 is 8 mm or 10 mmand the width at the point 40 to 100 mm from the point 66 is 6 mm or 8mm. The troughs 70 are formed to have a maximum depth of 4 mm and aminimum depth of 0 mm at the points 68. After formation of the surgicalimplant 20, an entirety of the surgical implant 20 is coated viahydroxyapatite (HA) or other like coating, e.g., via a spray-coatingprocess or a dipping process. It is foreseen that only the stem 60 maybe coated with HA without deviating from the scope of the presentinventive concept.

The stem 60 is formed to extend from the cup 22 at a forty-five degreeangle thereto, as illustrated by FIGS. 4 and 5 . The stem 60 is formedto have a twenty degree anteverted orientation, i.e., an anteriorangulation or “tipping forward,” relative to the plane defined by therim 28. As illustrated by FIG. 2 , instead of extending straight fromthe cup, i.e., at zero degrees, the stem 60 extends from the cup 22 at atwenty degree angle thereto. As illustrated by FIG. 6 , the stem 60 andthe apertures 40 are equally spaced at a distance between the centerpoint 50 and the rim 28.

The stem 60 is formed to extend from and be oriented with respect to thecup 22 based on whether the surgical implant 20 is to be used on a leftside of the patient, i.e., a left acetabulum, or a right side of thepatient, i.e., a right acetabulum, for reconstruction of a segmentalacetabular defect with pelvic discontinuity. Thus, the surgical implant20 may be formed to have a mirror image of the surgical implant 20, asillustrated by FIGS. 1-8 , which is formed for use with a leftacetabulum.

Accordingly, the present inventive concept maximizes transmission offorce received from the medical device 20 to the bone 90, simplifies thesurgical procedure required to use the medical device, does not allowforces to be transmitted between multiple implants, is readily acceptedby surrounding bone, allows growth of bone in and around the device, hasa simple design that is easy to use, has a reproducible technique forimplantation, minimizes surgical exposure and stripping of the bone, anddoes not prolong recovery time or expenses of a patient, and does notincrease the risk of repeat revision surgery

Having now described the features, discoveries and principles of thegeneral inventive concept, the manner in which the general inventiveconcept is constructed and used, the characteristics of theconstruction, and advantageous, new and useful results obtained; the newand useful structures, devices, tools, elements, arrangements, parts andcombinations, are set forth in the appended claims.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended tocover all of the generic and specific features of the general inventiveconcept herein described, and all statements of the scope of the generalinventive concept which, as a matter of language, might be said to fallthere between.

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical implant comprising: a hemisphericalcup having (i) a bone-abutment exterior surface defining a convex sideof the cup and (ii) an interior surface defining a concave side of thecup with a cavity; and a stress-diffusion element extending directlyfrom the bone-abutment exterior surface of the hemispherical cup at ananteverted orientation to the hemispherical cup.
 2. The surgical implantof claim 1, wherein the hemispherical cup and the stress-diffusionelement are monolithic.
 3. The surgical implant of claim 1, furthercomprising at least one aperture defined by a circumferential surfaceextending between the bone-abutment exterior surface and the interiorsurface, the at least one aperture configured to receive a screwtherethrough.
 4. The surgical implant of claim 3, wherein thestress-diffusion element is a stem extending from the hemispherical cup.5. The surgical implant of claim 4, wherein the stem includes a baseformed on the bone-abutment exterior surface of the hemispherical cup.6. The surgical implant of claim 5, wherein the base is centrally formedbetween the at least one aperture and another aperture extending betweenthe bone-abutment exterior surface and the interior surface.
 7. Thesurgical implant of claim 4, wherein the stem includes a plurality oflongitudinal flutes, each of the plurality of longitudinal flutesextending along an entirety of the stem with (i) distal ends of theplurality of longitudinal flutes adjoining at a common point, and (ii)proximal ends of the plurality of longitudinal flutes tapering atseparate points.
 8. The surgical implant of claim 7, wherein adjacentones of the plurality of longitudinal flutes are spaced from each otherby one of a plurality of troughs, and each of the plurality of troughsincludes sidewalls and a bottom wall.
 9. The surgical implant of claim8, wherein each of the plurality of troughs includes an increasing depthalong the stem.
 10. The surgical implant of claim 8, wherein each of theplurality of longitudinal flutes includes a plateau along a portionthereof with an increasing width along the stem.
 11. The surgicalimplant of claim 8, wherein each of the plurality of longitudinal flutessurrounds a portion of the adjacent ones of the plurality of troughs.12. The surgical implant of claim 8, wherein the sidewalls of each ofthe plurality of troughs converge.
 13. The surgical implant of claim 3,wherein the at least one aperture includes four apertures arrangedequidistant relative to each other along the hemispherical cup.
 14. Thesurgical implant of claim 3, wherein, the at least one aperture is aplurality of apertures, the plurality of apertures are equidistantrelative to each other along the cup, and the stress-diffusion elementextends from a point on the bone-abutment exterior surface.
 16. Asurgical implant comprising: a hemispherical cup having (i) abone-abutment exterior surface defining a convex side of thehemispherical cup and (ii) an interior surface defining a concave sideof the hemispherical cup with a cavity; and a stress-diffusion elementextending directly from the bone-abutment exterior surface of thehemispherical cup at an anteverted orientation to the hemispherical cup,wherein the hemispherical cup and the stress-diffusion element aremonolithic.
 17. The surgical implant of claim 16, further comprising atleast one aperture defined by a circumferential surface extendingbetween the bone-abutment exterior surface and the interior surface, theat least one aperture configured to receive a screw therethrough. 18.The surgical implant of claim 16, wherein the stress-diffusion elementincludes a plurality of longitudinal flutes, each of the plurality oflongitudinal flutes extending along a substantial portion of thestress-diffusion element.
 19. The surgical implant of claim 16, whereinthe stress-diffusion element is a stem extending from the hemisphericalcup.
 20. A surgical implant comprising: a hemispherical cup having (i) abone-abutment exterior surface defining a convex side of thehemispherical cup and (ii) an interior surface defining a concave sideof the hemispherical cup with a cavity; at least one aperture defined bya circumferential surface extending between the bone-abutment exteriorsurface and the interior surface, the at least one aperture operable toreceive a screw therethrough; and a stress-diffusion element extendingdirectly from the bone-abutment exterior surface of the hemisphericalcup at an anteverted orientation to the hemispherical cup, wherein thehemispherical cup and the stress-diffusion element are monolithic.